Future crop improvement relies on harnessing the broader genetic diversity present in the ancestors of our crops. Recently, our team has gained detailed knowledge of the transition from wild species to the earliest tomato landraces. Cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var lycopersicum) evolved from semi-domesticated and wild populations of S. lycopersicum var cerasiforme, which in turn evolved from a subpopulation of the red-fruited wild species, S. pimpinellifolium. This knowledge allows us to select and exploit underutilized germplasm for the identification of genes controlling fruit quality and beneficial alleles that may have been left behind during crop domestication. With this information, we seek to gain fundamental insights into the molecular and biochemical pathways that impact the traits. This would lead to an advanced understanding into the regulation of basic plant processes of economic importance. To efficiently identify genes and pathways that control complex fruit quality traits in tomato, we propose the following specific aims: